Refusal of the Shadow keyword-red-vienna London has been a breeding

London has been a breeding ground for radical ideas

spent 34 years in jail

in this major new biography

From the 1930s to the 1960s

Bérubé argues

Refusal of the Shadow keyword-red-vienna London has been a breedingIn 1932, at the peak of French colonialism, a group of Martiniquan students at the Sorbonne established a Caribbean Surrealist Group, and published a single issue of a journal called Lgitime dfense. Immediately banned by the authorities, it passed almost unnoticed at the time. Yet it began a remarkable series of debates between surrealism and Caribbean intellectuals that had a profound impact on the struggle for cultural identity. In the next two